What is a CRA Audit?

The dreaded "AUDIT". A word that few taxpayers are happy to hear in relation to them or their business. An Audit can cost a person significantly in terms of cash, time, effort, and emotions. But, what is an "AUDIT" by the Canada Revenue Agency ("CRA") and what can you expect?

An Audit is merely the CRA's way of confirming that your filings are correct and that you are therefore paying your fair share of taxes. There are many reasons why you may have been selected for an Audit by the CRA, usually based on assessments of risk, and there are many types of audits. No matter the reason or the type of audit, the most important thing is to respond promptly, seek advice, and cooperate by providing information (as directed or assisted by your advisor). The initial letter letting you know that you've been selected for an audit will set out the scope of the audit. It may be as simple as a request for specific receipts or documents, or as invasive as asking you to prepare records for an audit at your home or place of business (or maybe at the CRA offices).

Success will depend on how well you keep records, how easily you can access records, and how well informed you are about the tax rules applicable to the circumstances being investigated. Unlike most other times where citizens and state face off, it is up to you to provide proof of your income and deductions ? in other words, you have to prove that your filings are correct otherwise the CRA auditor can use a net-worth method to come up with your taxable income. If an audit is or turns into a net-worth audit, giving rise to a net-worth assessment, you may have a long hard fight on your hands.

The time it takes to complete an audit differs based on the number of years being audited, the complexity of your affairs, and other factors. Once the auditor has finished his or her investigation and calculations, you may either find that the CRA agrees with your filings or, more commonly, that the auditor thinks that you either forgot to include amounts in income or should note have deducted certain expenses from income. When this happens, you will receive an audit proposal and, if you don't convince the auditor that your filing is correct, a notice of reassessment with taxes and interest owing. Depending on the circumstances, the auditor may also assess penalties.

This article is part of a series that is here to help taxpayers understand more about CRA audits. The next article covers net-worth audits, and the final article of this series will cover your rights and obligations during an audit. Although these articles provide a more detailed guide than most they, like for all things in life that are complicated, cannot provide an answer for your particular circumstances or for all cases. Always consult with a tax professional to see what expenses are deductible, when, and to what extent in your circumstances.

NOTE: Articles are for general information only and do not constitute tax advice nor can they be relied upon. If you are facing a net-worth audit or have a net-worth assessment, call Faris CPA for assistance. We specialize in fighting net-worth audits and net-worth assessments.